The National Cyber Security Centre has noted that artificial intelligence will likely be able to enable a ransomware attack against national critical infrastructure between 2026 and 2028. This occurs partly due to the capabilities of AI to assist attackers with tasks such as targeting research, locating weak points in IT security, and writing malicious code. The NCSC highlighted that ransomware attacks have become a 'main feature' for cybercriminals and that those who practice it often operate from former Soviet states. Ransomware attacks require access to an organization's IT systems before they can be attacked with specific malware and demand payment in cryptocurrencies to release the files seized and restore damaged data.

Recent cases have been observed on sites such as Royal Mail, Capita, and various public organizations, including municipalities. The NCSC has predicted that AI will further enhance the risk of ransomware attacks, helping attackers with tasks like finding targets, locating weak points in IT security, and writing malicious code. The NSA has anticipated that Russia and China will be able to use AI 'routine'ly in their cyberattacks between 2026 and 2028, setting off a period during which AI will enable an attack against national critical infrastructure. These predictions highlight the need for additional protection for the country's critical infrastructure, particularly those involving energy safety, railway safety, military safety, and health safety.

Authorities should consider implementing advanced AI technologies to prevent and defend their infrastructure from cyber attacks. It is important to note that this prediction is not a guaranteed security promise but rather an expectation based on data analysis. Authorities should continue closely monitoring changes in the field of AI and cybersecurity to quickly react to any potential emergencies.